Which type of traction applies an external force to the skin for fracture alignment?

Skin traction is a method used to align broken bones by applying an external force to the skin. This technique involves the use of adhesive or non-adhesive straps that are attached to the skin over the affected area. Weights are then applied to these straps, creating a pulling force that helps to maintain proper alignment of the fracture during the healing process.

The effectiveness of skin traction lies in its ability to provide a gentle and sustained force, which helps to realign the bones without the need for surgical intervention. It is particularly useful for certain types of fractures, such as those in the femur, to stabilize the injury and reduce pain while allowing for some mobility.

In contrast, open reduction involves surgical intervention to realign the fractured bone directly, while closed reduction refers to realigning the bone without making an incision. Skeletal traction, meanwhile, employs pins or wires that are inserted into the bone itself to provide a stronger and more direct force, typically used for more severe fractures. Skin traction, by focusing on the surface of the skin, is appropriate for less complex cases or as a preliminary measure in fracture management.