Which term describes the twisting of the intestine?

The term that describes the twisting of the intestine is volvulus. This condition occurs when a portion of the intestine twists around itself, leading to an obstruction of blood flow and potentially compromising the integrity of the affected bowel segment. Volvulus can cause severe complications, including ischemia, perforation, and necrosis if not treated promptly.

In a clinical context, identifying volvulus is crucial for surgical intervention since it can lead to life-threatening situations if the twisting is not resolved quickly. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, distension, and vomiting, which are often similar to other gastrointestinal issues, making accurate diagnosis vital.

The other terms refer to different conditions: intestinal obstruction indicates a blockage without specifying the cause; intussusception is when a segment of the intestine telescopes into an adjacent segment; and peritonitis is the inflammation of the peritoneum, usually due to infection or rupture. Each of these conditions has distinct characteristics and implications for treatment, emphasizing why understanding and accurately naming conditions like volvulus is critical in surgical practice.