Which of the following elements contributes to the likelihood of surgical infections?

Poor environmental conditions significantly contribute to the likelihood of surgical infections because they can foster an environment where pathogens thrive. Inadequate temperature control, improper lighting, and unclean surfaces can all lead to an increased risk of contamination. For example, if a surgical area is not properly cleaned and maintained, it may harbor bacteria and other microorganisms that could easily be introduced into a patient's body during the surgical procedure.

In contrast, strict adherence to surgical protocols, high levels of patient hydration, and the use of sterilized instruments all serve to minimize infection risks. Surgical protocols are designed to ensure that all necessary precautions are taken to maintain a sterile environment and reduce exposure to infection. Adequate patient hydration supports system functions, including the immune system, while sterilized instruments are critical for preventing pathogen transmission during procedures. Thus, poor environmental conditions stand out as a key risk factor for surgical infections.