Which glands are homologous to the male bulbourethral glands?

The greater vestibular glands, also known as Bartholin glands, are homologous to the male bulbourethral glands. This means that they share a common embryonic origin and thus have similar structures and functions, despite being located in different sexes.

In males, bulbourethral glands are responsible for producing a pre-ejaculatory secretion that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes acidity, benefiting sperm passage. Similarly, in females, the greater vestibular glands secrete a mucous fluid that aids in lubrication of the vagina during sexual arousal, playing a critical role in female sexual health.

Both gland types arise from the same embryonic tissues during development, which is why they are considered homologous. Understanding this relationship is pivotal for recognizing how the reproductive systems of males and females have evolved from a common anatomical framework.

The other choices do not share the same embryological origins or functional parallels with the bulbourethral glands, thus distinguishing them from the correct answer.