What surgical procedure is referred to as tunica vaginalis excision?

Tunica vaginalis excision is specifically associated with the procedure known as hydrocelectomy. This operation involves the removal of a hydrocele, which is a fluid-filled sac around a testicle. The tunica vaginalis is the membrane surrounding the testicle, and in cases where fluid accumulates, excising part of this membrane can help alleviate the condition. Hydrocelectomy may also involve partial removal of the tunica vaginalis to prevent recurrence of the hydrocele.

In the context of the other surgical procedures listed, a vasectomy involves cutting the vas deferens to prevent sperm from entering the urethra; orchiectomy is the surgical removal of one or both testicles; and cystectomy refers to the removal of the bladder or a cyst from the bladder. While all of these surgeries have distinct indications and techniques, they do not involve the excision of the tunica vaginalis or treat hydroceles, which is the primary focus of a hydrocelectomy. Thus, hydrocelectomy is the correct answer as it directly pertains to the procedure of tunica vaginalis excision.