What is the purpose of using ethylene oxide for sterilization?

Using ethylene oxide for sterilization is primarily advantageous because it effectively sterilizes heat-sensitive items. This gas sterilization method is particularly useful for materials and instruments that cannot withstand high temperatures and steam sterilization, such as certain plastics, electronic devices, and complex surgical instruments. Ethylene oxide penetrates packaging and materials, allowing it to reach areas where heat or moisture might cause damage.

This process is also effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a versatile choice for ensuring items are free from pathogens. After treatment, the items are usually aerated to remove toxic residues, making them safe for use.

While ethylene oxide is considered cost-effective and has the ability to sterilize complex instruments, its primary role in the sterilization protocol is centered on its ability to handle heat-sensitive materials, which is why it’s the correct rationale for its use.