What is the purpose of a scalene node biopsy?

The purpose of a scalene node biopsy is primarily to diagnose lung carcinoma. Scalene lymph nodes are located in the neck and are part of the lymphatic system, which is involved in the immune response and can be affected by cancer. In patients with suspected lung cancer, particularly if there's a possibility of metastasis, examining these nodes through a biopsy can provide critical information about the presence of malignancy.

When performing a scalene node biopsy, the pathologist examines the tissue obtained for cancerous cells. If lung carcinoma is found in these nodes, it may indicate that the cancer has spread beyond the lungs, influencing treatment decisions and prognostic assessments.

The other options, such as assessing liver function, checking for gastric ulcers, or evaluating heart conditions, do not directly relate to the purpose of a scalene node biopsy, highlighting the test's specific focus on lung cancer diagnostics through the examination of lymphatic tissue in the neck area.