What is a common cause of acute cholecystitis?

Acute cholecystitis is most commonly caused by the presence of gallstones that lead to obstruction of the cystic duct. When a gallstone blocks this duct, it impairs the normal outflow of bile, resulting in increased pressure within the gallbladder. This can lead to inflammation and infection, which characterizes acute cholecystitis. The obstruction creates a conducive environment for bacterial growth, further exacerbating the inflammatory process.

In contrast, while excessive alcohol consumption can lead to liver disease and certain gastrointestinal complications, it is not a direct cause of acute cholecystitis. Similarly, viral infections typically affect the liver and may not lead to gallbladder inflammation in the same manner. Although obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are risk factors associated with the development of gallstones, they do not directly cause the acute condition itself. The direct blockage of the cystic duct by gallstones is key to understanding the acute form of cholecystitis.