What does cystourethrocele refer to?

Cystourethrocele refers to a condition where there is a prolapse of the bladder and urethra into the vagina. This occurs when the supportive tissues between the bladder and vagina become weakened, leading to the downward displacement of these structures. This condition can result in urinary incontinence, a feeling of pressure or fullness in the pelvic area, and can sometimes be associated with childbirth or other factors that affect pelvic support.

The term combines "cysto" (referring to the bladder), "urethro" (referring to the urethra), and "cele" (meaning a hernia or protrusion), which collectively reflects the anatomical changes that occur during this condition. Such prolapse may be evaluated and treated through conservative methods or surgical options, depending on the severity and symptoms.

The other choices do not accurately define cystourethrocele as they refer to entirely different medical conditions. Infestation of the urinary tract pertains to infections or parasites affecting the urinary system, infection of the kidney focuses on renal infections such as pyelonephritis, and formation of kidney stones relates to crystal aggregation within the urinary tract, none of which describe the anatomical and pathological situation of a cystourethrocele.