What does a ureterosigmoidostomy involve?

A ureterosigmoidostomy involves creating a connection between the ureters and the sigmoid colon. This surgical procedure is performed when a patient's bladder is removed or not functional due to disease, injury, or congenital abnormalities. By connecting the ureters directly to the sigmoid colon, urine can be expelled through the rectum instead of through the urethra. This approach provides a means of urinary diversion while preserving some normal bowel function.

The correct answer highlights the significance of this connection, which allows the body to adapt to the loss of bladder function. This procedure also exemplifies the principle of utilizing existing anatomical structures, such as the sigmoid colon, for urinary management.

Other choices do not accurately describe ureterosigmoidostomy. Transplanting ureters to the skin refers to a different surgical technique typically related to urinary diversion. Using a segment of ileum for urine diversion describes ileal conduit diversion, another form of urinary diversion, but not ureterosigmoidostomy. Performing a partial gastrectomy pertains to the stomach rather than the urinary or gastrointestinal systems in context to ureterosigmoidostomy. Thus, option B is the clear and accurate choice.