What condition is characterized by excessive uric acid in the blood?

The condition characterized by excessive uric acid in the blood is gout. Gout occurs when there is an accumulation of uric acid, which can form crystals that deposit in joints and tissues, leading to inflammation and intense pain. This elevated uric acid level can result from various factors, including diet, genetics, and kidney function.

In gout, common symptoms include sudden and severe attacks of pain, swelling, and redness, particularly in the joints, often starting with the big toe. The management of gout usually includes medications to lower uric acid levels and lifestyle changes to avoid triggers that can lead to flares.

The other conditions listed do not share this characteristic. Osteoporosis involves a decrease in bone density and increased risk of fractures rather than uric acid levels. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that leads to joint inflammation and damage but is not directly linked to uric acid. Hypercalcemia refers to an elevated level of calcium in the blood, which is not related to uric acid levels at all.